{
 "source": "https://x.com/deedydas/status/2076142677272441062",
 "source_date": "2026-07-11",
 "about": "骨架：人类专家数据、RL 环境与专项数据两框照 Deedy Das（Menlo Ventures）《Every single startup selling AI Training Data (July 2026)》；具身与物理世界数据照艺恩数据《全球具身数据市场白皮书》（2026-06）的采集路线；传统标注、中国公司、网页数据、数据授权与交易是我们加的（new_layer = true）。original = 对应原骨架哪一组；ai_era = 老做法 → AI 时代。",
 "layers": [
  {
   "code": "a1",
   "name": "头部四家",
   "ai_era": "众包画框打标签 → 博士、律师、程序员给前沿实验室写标准答案和评分细则；四家占了大半收入",
   "box": "人类专家数据",
   "box_zh": "人写答案、打分、写评分细则",
   "original": "Deedy · Giants",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "a2",
   "name": "专家网络挑战者",
   "ai_era": "外包标注队 → 按领域招专家、按小时计费的专家数据市场",
   "box": "人类专家数据",
   "box_zh": "人写答案、打分、写评分细则",
   "original": "Deedy · Challengers",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "a3",
   "name": "传统标注与众包外包",
   "ai_era": "低价众包、内容审核 → 转做生成式 AI 数据和 RLHF；多是上市或老牌公司",
   "box": "人类专家数据",
   "box_zh": "人写答案、打分、写评分细则",
   "original": null,
   "new_layer": true
  },
  {
   "code": "a4",
   "name": "中国训练数据服务商",
   "ai_era": "语音、自驾标注 → 大模型 SFT、对齐数据和成品数据集",
   "box": "人类专家数据",
   "box_zh": "人写答案、打分、写评分细则",
   "original": null,
   "new_layer": true
  },
  {
   "code": "b1",
   "name": "RL 环境",
   "ai_era": "静态数据集 → 仿真软件和网站当训练场，模型反复做任务、自动打分（「gym 浪潮」）",
   "box": "RL 环境与专项数据",
   "box_zh": "训练场、评测、单领域高价值数据",
   "original": "Deedy · RL-env natives + Computer / browser use",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "b2",
   "name": "偏好、评测与红队数据",
   "ai_era": "人工打分表 → 众测排行、专家红队、模型行为评测",
   "box": "RL 环境与专项数据",
   "box_zh": "训练场、评测、单领域高价值数据",
   "original": "Deedy · Model behavior / evals",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "b3",
   "name": "垂直专项数据",
   "ai_era": "通用数据 → 代码、音频、医疗、金融等单领域数据",
   "box": "RL 环境与专项数据",
   "box_zh": "训练场、评测、单领域高价值数据",
   "original": "Deedy · 专项数据 + Coding / Domain-specific",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "c1",
   "name": "真机遥操与数采工厂",
   "ai_era": "实验室自采 → 成规模的遥操工位、数采工厂",
   "box": "具身与物理世界数据",
   "box_zh": "给机器人和世界模型的数据",
   "original": "艺恩 · 真机遥操",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "c2",
   "name": "无本体采集与第一视角数据",
   "ai_era": "绑定一台机器人 → 人戴头显、手套、夹爪干活，数据映射到任意本体",
   "box": "具身与物理世界数据",
   "box_zh": "给机器人和世界模型的数据",
   "original": "艺恩 · 便携采集 + 第一视角",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "c3",
   "name": "仿真合成与视频蒸馏",
   "ai_era": "真机采不起 → 物理仿真和世界模型批量造数据、从视频反推动作",
   "box": "具身与物理世界数据",
   "box_zh": "给机器人和世界模型的数据",
   "original": "艺恩 · 仿真合成 + 视频蒸馏",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "c4",
   "name": "物理 AI 数据平台与工具",
   "ai_era": "散落的传感器文件 → 采集、治理、标注、评测一体的平台",
   "box": "具身与物理世界数据",
   "box_zh": "给机器人和世界模型的数据",
   "original": "Deedy · Physical AI data + 艺恩 · 数据基础设施层",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "d1",
   "name": "代理网络与大规模抓取",
   "ai_era": "自己写爬虫、买代理 → 代理网络加现成网页数据集，卖给模型公司",
   "box": "网页与公开数据",
   "box_zh": "从公开网页大规模采",
   "original": "Agent 数据 API 图谱 · 抓取层",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "d2",
   "name": "网页转训练数据与开放语料",
   "ai_era": "原始 HTML → 干净正文、markdown、结构化数据；开放语料库",
   "box": "网页与公开数据",
   "box_zh": "从公开网页大规模采",
   "original": "Agent 数据 API 图谱 · 抓取层",
   "new_layer": false
  },
  {
   "code": "e1",
   "name": "内容方直接授权",
   "ai_era": "版权方被爬 → 和模型公司签训练授权（大公司的授权业务）",
   "box": "数据授权与交易",
   "box_zh": "有版权的数据怎么卖给模型公司",
   "original": null,
   "new_layer": true
  },
  {
   "code": "e2",
   "name": "授权中介与数据市场",
   "ai_era": "一对一谈授权 → 平台撮合、按使用分成、按次收爬取费",
   "box": "数据授权与交易",
   "box_zh": "有版权的数据怎么卖给模型公司",
   "original": null,
   "new_layer": true
  },
  {
   "code": "e3",
   "name": "中国数据交易所",
   "ai_era": "场外交易 → 交易所挂牌数据产品和训练语料（国资机构）",
   "box": "数据授权与交易",
   "box_zh": "有版权的数据怎么卖给模型公司",
   "original": null,
   "new_layer": true
  }
 ]
}